Pengenalan Risiko, Pengambilan Keputusan, dan Pencarian Pertolongan selama Kehamilan: Scoping Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30606/jmn.v14i2.4981Keywords:
pengenalan risiko, pengambilan keputusan, kesiapan menghadapi komplikasi, pencarian pertolonganAbstract
Kehamilan memerlukan kemampuan perempuan untuk mengenali perubahan kondisi kesehatan, memahami risiko, mengambil keputusan, mempersiapkan tindakan, dan mencari pertolongan. Namun, bukti mengenai proses tersebut masih terfragmentasi di domain tertentu. Memetakan bukti penelitian mengenai kapasitas perempuan dalam merespons risiko selama kehamilan, meliputi pengenalan risiko, pengambilan keputusan, kesiapan menghadapi komplikasi, dan pencarian pertolongan. Scoping review dilakukan berdasarkan metodologi Joanna Briggs Institute dan dilaporkan mengikuti PRISMA-ScR. Pencarian dilakukan pada PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar terhadap penelitian tahun 2020–2025. Data dari studi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dipetakan secara deskriptif dan tematik berdasarkan empat domain utama.Sebanyak
796 record teridentifikasi, terdiri atas 768 record dari empat database dan 28 record dari penelusuran referensi dan sitasi. Setelah penghapusan duplikasi dan proses skrining
, 90 artikel diperiksa dalam tahap full-text dan 20 studi (2,5% dari seluruh record yang teridentifikasi) memenuhi kriteria inklusi .Studi yang diikutsertakan didominasi oleh penelitian
cross-sectionaldan dilakukan terutama di Afrika, khususnya Ethiopia.
Risk recognitionmerupakan domain yang paling banyak dikaji. Pendidikan, informasi, kunjungan ANC, pengalaman kehamilan, dan akses pelayanan berkaitan dengan kemampuan mengenali risiko. Kesiapan menghadapi komplikasi dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, perencanaan transportasi dan biaya, pemilihan fasilitas, serta dukungan keluarga. Bukti mengenai
decision-makingdan
help-seekinglebih terbatas dan menunjukkan pengaruh otonomi, dukungan sosial, kondisi ekonomi, jarak, transportasi, dan akses pelayanan.
Respons perempuan terhadap risiko kehamilan bersifat multidimensional dan mencakup proses mengenali, menilai, memutuskan, mempersiapkan, serta mencari pertolongan. Penguatan ANC perlu mendukung keseluruhan proses tersebutDownloads
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