PROFILE OF INTERLEUKIN-1β LEVELS IN COLORECTAL AND NON-COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS WITH CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SPP COINFECTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30606/jmn.v14i2.4900Keywords:
colorectal cancer, Cryptosporidium spp, inflammatory colon, interleukin-1β, persistent infectionAbstract
Chronic inflammation of the colon mucosa is a critical pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis. Opportunistic intestinal parasitic infections such as Cryptosporidium spp. are often neglected in the gastrointestinal disease spectrum, even though the infection has the potential to trigger a pro-inflammatory cytokine response through increased secretion of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The purpose of the study was to analyze the profile of IL-1β levels and the prevalence of coinfection with intestinal parasites Cryptosporidium spp. in patients with colon inflammation/leepre-cancer and colorectal cancer under treatment-naïve conditions. A cross-sectionalcomparative analytical observational study was conducted on 55 patients at Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital (20 non-colorectal cancer and 35 colorectal cancer). Cryptosporidium spp. coinfection was examined from fecal specimens using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, while serum IL-1β levels were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis used the Mann-Whitney U test, Independent t-test, and Chi-Square/Odds Ratio (OR). As a result, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. coinfection in the colorectal cancer group reached 45.7% (16/35), higher than that of the non-colorectal cancer group, which was 30.0% (6/20), with OR = 1.96 (95 CI: 0.61 - 6.32). There was a significant difference in IL-1β levels between the colorectal cancer group (1,521±1,046 pg/mL) and the non-cancerous control (1,083±164 pg/mL; p = 0.042). Cancer patients with positive parasite coinfection recorded the highest average IL-1β levels (1,693±1,398 pg/mL) with a peak concentration of 6,014 pg/mL. Coinfection with Cryptosporidium spp. significantly contributes to increasing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β) in the microenvironment of colorectal cancer. Routine examination of intestinal parasites is recommended to be integrated into the comprehensive management of inflammatory lesions and malignancies of the colon.
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