Plagiarism & Similarity Policy
Originality
Similarity is assessed in context, not reduced to a single number.
Authors must submit original work, acknowledge sources, and distinguish clearly between their own contribution and material derived from others.
Policy status
JPSE has not yet formally published a similarity-checking service or numerical threshold. No software name or percentage is asserted on this page.
Assessment principles
- Copied ideas, wording, images, data, or structure must be quoted, attributed, and permitted where required.
- Similarity reports, when used, are screening aids and do not by themselves establish plagiarism.
- References, standard phrases, methods language, and legitimate overlap are considered in context.
- Recycling substantial parts of an author's own published work without disclosure or citation may constitute redundant publication or inappropriate text reuse.
Editorial response
The editor may request an explanation or revision, reject the manuscript, contact relevant parties, or take action on a published article when unattributed use or redundant publication is substantiated.
A numerical threshold will be displayed only after the editorial team formally approves the screening tool and decision rules.
