Corrections, Retractions & Withdrawal
Publication record
Changes after submission or publication must remain transparent.
JPSE uses the least disruptive action that adequately protects readers and the reliability of the scholarly record.
Corrections
A correction may be issued when an error affects understanding, attribution, metadata, or part of the findings but does not invalidate the work as a whole. The notice should explain the change and remain linked to the article.
Retractions
Retraction may be considered when findings are unreliable, the work contains serious plagiarism or redundant publication, research or publication ethics were materially breached, or the article cannot be trusted. The retraction notice should state the reason without removing the publication record unnecessarily.
Withdrawal before publication
Authors may request withdrawal before publication by explaining the reason to the editor. The editor may also stop or withdraw a manuscript from the workflow when serious duplication, authorship, ethical, or legal concerns arise.
Process
Concern received
The journal records the issue and the supporting information.
Fair assessment
Relevant authors and parties may be asked to respond; additional evidence may be sought.
Editorial decision
The editor determines the appropriate action and manages any conflict of interest.
Transparent notice
When the publication record changes, a dated notice is linked to the affected article.
